The traditional house of Aceh
Aceh is an Indonesian
province located on the northern tip of Sumatra Island. The province of Aceh is
often attached to the title of the Special Territory because in its government,
the state has guaranteed its specificity in regulating its own laws, especially
those relating to Islamic sharia law. Aceh is closely related to Islamic
culture. History has noted that Aceh is an entry point for the spread of Islam
in Indonesia in the past. This is why the culture of Aceh can not be separated
from the mix of Malay culture as the culture of the original population, and
the Islamic culture. One of the evidences that we can see from the
acculturation of both cultures is for example the traditional house of Aceh
named Rumah Krong Bade.
Traditional
House of Aceh
In this opportunity, we will review information about the
traditional house of Aceh starting from history, architectural style, image,
structure, and philosophical values contained in it. For those of you who
want to know how unique traditional house named Krong Bade this, please refer
to the following discussion!
1. House Building Structure
Krong Bade traditional
house - or also commonly called Rumoh Aceh, is a house with a stage structure
with a pole height of 2.5 to 3 meters from the ground. The whole house is made
of wood, except for the roof made of leaf of rumbia or the woven leaf of enau,
and the floor made of bamboo.
Because it has a stage
structure, in this traditional house of Aceh we can find the space below. This
space is usually used as a warehouse for food storage, as well as a place for
women to perform activities, such as weaving activities typical Aceh.
To enter the house, we
need to climb the stairs at the front of the house. The stairs usually have an
odd number of stairs. As after climbing to the top, we will find a lot of
paintings that stick on the walls of the house as decoration. The number of
paintings on the outside wall of the house can be a symbol of the economic
level of the owner.
2. Function of Traditional House
In addition to having a function as a cultural
identity, Krong Bade house also has a practical function that is as a home for
the people of Aceh. To support its practical function, the traditional house of
Aceh is divided into several rooms with their respective uses, namely:
Front Room or commonly called seuramoë keuë. This room
serves as a relax room and a resting place for the whole family. This room is
also used as a place to receive guests.
Central Room or commonly called seuramoë teungoh. This
room is the core space of an Acehnese traditional house (inong room) and marked
with a higher floor from the front room. Because it includes the core space,
then this room includes very private. Guests who come will never be allowed to
enter it. The function of the rooms contained in the living room, among others,
as a family head bed, children's room, the room of the bridal room, as well as
a bath room when a dead family member.
Space Back or commonly referred to as seurameo likot.
This room is a room that serves as a place to eat, kitchen, and a place to chat
for fellow family members. The floor of this room is usually lower than the
central rangan floor. Just like the front room, the back room also has no
rooms.
3. Typical Features and Philosophical Values
There are several
distinctive features that distinguish Krong Bade house with other indigenous
Indonesian houses. Characteristic of traditional house of Aceh are:
a. Have a water barrel on the front for a spot to
clean their feet that will enter the house. This feature has a philosophy that
every guest who comes should have good intentions.
b. The structure of the house on stilts has the
function of protecting family members from the attack of wild animals.
c. Having a ladder with an odd number of stairs,
is a symbol of the religious nature of the Acehnese tribe.
d. Made from natural ingredients; is a symbol that
the people of Aceh tribe have close to nature.
e. It has lots of carvings and paintings on the
walls of the house; indicating the people of Aceh is a society that loves
beauty.
f. It is rectangular and stretched from west to
east; indicating the people of Aceh is a religious society.
Traditional houses of Aceh
or Rumoh Aceh can not be built arbitrarily. Considering its function is so
important to the life of its owner, some rules must be obeyed by someone who
wants to build this traditional house of Krong Bade. These rules include the
day-to-day ceremonies, staging before building, quality selection of building
materials, precision material processing, finishing with coloring, painting
additions, and carving, and ending with a celebratory feast when the house will
be occupied by the owner.
Well, that is our brief
exposure of Aceh traditional house with its drawings, history, philosophy, and
explanations. Hopefully it can be a reference for us to get to know the culture
of Acehnese people. If the Krong Bade traditional house explanation article is
considered useful, please share it. Do not forget to read our article about
traditional house of North Sumatra in the next discussion. Regards!
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